THE CORE ARGUMENT

Same name. Same site. New building. New model.

Graylands has been a hospital since 1909. What's proposed now is a different institution, on the same address, that has never been tested against this location.

1909–1993
A general hospital, with no purpose-built secure unit. Contemporary accounts describe the site as chosen in 1901–03 because it was "healthy, accessible to the city, but far enough from built-up areas not to cause distress or offence to susceptible citizens" Mikus, 2013, p.36 — the opposite of where it sits today. This is the Graylands most long-term residents grew up next to.
1990
Parliament was told, in detail, exactly what would go wrong. A 646-signature petition asked government to abandon the plan, or at minimum fully justify it to the community before deciding. Months later, Colin Barnett — newly elected to the seat, and later Premier of Western Australia from 2008 to 2017 — told the Legislative Assembly that moving offenders through security tiers carried a risk of failure he called inevitable, that two separate written assurances already given to this neighbourhood had already been broken, and that Graylands already had a documented history of absconding patients causing serious harm off-site. He asked for a buffer zone before any transition began. This already happened once. Read exactly how it went →
1993–2026
A general hospital with a small secure wing attached. The Frankland Centre — a 30-bed maximum-security forensic unit — opened on 25 October 1993, seven years after John XXIII College was already on the boundary. Forensic beds were still a small share of the site: 45, against 109–118 general psychiatric beds.
2026 onwards
A fully forensic campus, on a model that didn't exist until 2023. Under the government's own long-term plan — assessed by Infrastructure WA in March 2023 — every general psychiatric bed on this site closes. Forensic beds alone rise to 136 — nearly three times today's 45 — plus 40 new secure rehabilitation beds, for 176 in total. Only the first stage of this is funded so far. Under the Criminal Law (Mental Impairment) Act 2023, patients here don't just get permission to leave the site during treatment — the law replaced indefinite detention with fixed limiting terms, mandatory reviews, and an expanded set of legal mechanisms for supervised leave and reintegration. That's a different, and materially more permeable, operating model from the secure-containment wing that opened in 1993.

That's the actual question — not "should Graylands exist," because it always has, but whether anyone has ever assessed this institution — this scale, this model — in a neighbourhood of roughly 2,000 homes and, across five nearby schools, around 4,800 students within about a kilometre. The site was chosen in 2021 on transport and infrastructure grounds, before the law that defines how patients move through the facility even existed. No document shows that choice was ever revisited once it did.

That's not NIMBYism — objecting to a location regardless of the facts. The facts changed, twice, after the location was already locked in, and nobody has shown their work since.

Nor is this a campaign against more forensic mental health capacity. WA's own psychiatrists say the opposite is true. The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists — the professional body for the clinicians who would staff this facility — told a Justice and Mental Health Roundtable of over 40 justice and health leaders in July 2026 that WA's forensic mental health system is "gridlocked across all its entry points," with people needing hospital treatment "delayed or denied it," and that RANZCP's own standards prohibit involuntary mental health treatment in prisons — meaning hospital beds for this population aren't optional RANZCP WA, Justice and Mental Health Roundtable Communiqué, Jul 2026. This campaign agrees with every word of that. The question it's asking is different: RANZCP itself says the redeveloped Graylands campus "will not deliver the number of beds sufficient for future needs," calls for a statewide "integrated, tiered" forensic system rather than concentration at one site, and for "delivery milestones" to be "published." None of that has happened here. Supporting better-resourced forensic mental health care and asking whether this site, at this scale, is the right way to deliver it are not in tension — the people who'd staff the wards are making the same distinction.


The detail, from the start

Everything below is sourced, dated, and drawn from government documents, Hansard, and the community's own 45-page research paper.

Two different patient populations

Graylands has historically held two distinct groups. General psychiatric patients are people with serious mental illness admitted for treatment, most of them voluntarily, under the Mental Health Act 2014. Forensic mental health patients are a separate legal category: people charged with serious offences — including homicide, serious sexual offences, and armed robbery — whom a court has found unfit to stand trial or not criminally responsible due to mental illness Community review §1.1. They are held under the Criminal Law (Mental Impairment) Act 2023, not a health admission.

The Frankland Centre has operated at Graylands since 1993 as WA's maximum-security forensic unit. Total current forensic capacity across the Frankland Centre (30 beds) and the adjacent Dryandra Ward (15 beds) is 45 beds Community review §1.1. The proposed expansion converts Graylands from a general hospital with a contained forensic wing into a campus built primarily around the forensic population — with the general psychiatric function substantially closed or relocated.

Graylands is the only facility of this kind in WA sited in a residential suburb. The state's maximum-security prisons, Casuarina and Hakea, sit in an industrial and correctional precinct in Canning Vale, well separated from homes and schools Community review §1.1.

What the CLMI Act actually changed

The Criminal Law (Mental Impairment) Act 2023 received Royal Assent on 13 April 2023 and came into full force on 1 September 2024, repealing the Criminal Law (Mentally Impaired Accused) Act 1996 WA Legislation ↗. Two changes matter directly to this site.

Custody is no longer indefinite. Under the old Act, a custody order had no fixed end date. The new Act requires a "limiting term" — a cap tied to what an ordinary sentence would have been for the offence — and Community Supervision Orders became a standard disposition, explicitly designed to keep a person "in the community... with the least possible restriction on their freedom consistent with the protection of the community." When the Act commenced, the roughly 56 people then held under the old regime had to be brought back before a review process for a limiting term to be set "as soon as practicable" Australasian Lawyer ↗. That review was a legal requirement of the new Act, not a discretionary clinical decision — and because some of those backdated limiting terms had already expired by the time they were set, this has produced what health professionals describe as "unplanned discharges": people released immediately because their limiting term was already served Community review §3.3.

This isn't a criticism of the law's intent. Moving away from indefinite detention is widely regarded as appropriate reform, and people held under these orders are entitled to the least restrictive setting consistent with community safety. But two things follow from it that matter for this site. First, every custody order now carries a mandatory limiting term and a legislated timetable of Tribunal reviews — that part is not discretionary, and it's what produced the "unplanned discharges" described above. Second, actual leave of absence remains a case-by-case decision: the Mental Impairment Review Tribunal must weigh the risk to community safety before granting it, may impose conditions, and may cancel it — the Act's paramount consideration is expressly the protection of the community. What's changed is the structure the decision sits inside — mandatory review points, an expanded set of leave and reintegration mechanisms, and a population moving through the system on fixed terms rather than being held indefinitely — not a guarantee that any individual patient progresses to unsupervised community access. The log and offence-profile statistics on the Safety risks page describe the population this framework applies to. No published document shows how this changed framework — including its leave and reintegration mechanisms — has been assessed for a campus sited within about a kilometre of five schools, which is the specific question this campaign is asking to be answered before Stage 1 proceeds.

Update, 15 September 2026: asked directly in Parliament, the government said community access for this cohort remains "largely consistent with" the pre-2023 regime, and that the Department of Justice was involved in project governance WA Parliament, QoN 3087, 15 Sep 2026. Neither is in dispute — leave was already a case-by-case decision under the old Act, and remains one. The same answer also claims demand modelling accounted for the new law, but that's not a claim worth building an argument on either way: government can assert modelling exists without ever publishing it, and there's no way to check it from the outside. The question that actually matters, and that this answer still doesn't touch, is narrower and checkable: was this specific site — a campus within a kilometre of five schools — ever reassessed against the CLMI Act's community-access model, rather than folded into a statewide bed-demand figure? Nothing published shows that it was.

Stage 1: funded and in design

Stage 1, funded in the April 2023 State Budget at $218.9 million (including $15 million from the Commonwealth), delivers on the northern campus:

  • 32 new sub-acute male forensic mental health beds
  • An 8-bed child and adolescent forensic mental health unit — the first of its kind in WA
  • An Integrated Patient Services and Rehabilitation Centre, plus partial perimeter and civil works

Added to the existing 45 beds, this brings the northern campus to approximately 85 forensic beds after Stage 1 Infrastructure WA, Mar 2023.

Sub-acute doesn't mean low-impact. The 32 new beds carry a lower security classification than the Frankland Centre. Patients at this level participate in structured community access programs — escorted or semi-supervised outings beyond the campus perimeter — as part of their treatment pathway. The boundaries and protocols for these programs have not been publicly disclosed Community review §1.2.

The full plan: 136 beds, $698.3 million

Government communications focus on Stage 1. Infrastructure WA's own assessment confirms the long-term plan is substantially larger:

ElementDetail
Forensic beds, northern campus136 (≈3× current forensic capacity)
Secure mental health recovery beds40 additional
General psychiatric beds closing118 (51 acute + 67 HDU)
Estimated total capital cost$698.3 million

Source: Infrastructure WA Major Infrastructure Proposal Assessment, March 2023 Infrastructure WA, Mar 2023

Only Stage 1 ($218.9M) is funded. The remaining beds — Stage 2 — have not been separately funded.

The school on the boundary

John XXIII College sits on the immediate boundary of the site, approximately 270 metres from the northern construction zone, and holds roughly 1,500 students from Pre-Kindergarten to Year 12. The College's own published history notes it was built deliberately without a perimeter fence Community review §1.4. The school occupied this open site from 1986 — seven years before the Frankland Centre existed. Every escalation since has occurred after the school was already there.

Four further schools sit within about a kilometre of the campus: Mount Claremont Primary (≈550–750m, ≈300 students), Moerlina School, Quintilian School, and Shenton College (≈2,800 students) Shenton College, 2024 Annual Report. Across all five, approximately 4,800 students attend school within about a kilometre of the campus Community review §1.4. The surrounding neighbourhood adds roughly 2,000 homes in that same radius, based on ABS census figures for Mount Claremont.

Distance from the Graylands campus to John XXIII College A schematic site plan showing the Graylands campus and its Stage 1 works approximately 270 metres from John XXIII College, with Mount Claremont Primary, Moerlina School, Quintilian School and Shenton College also within about one kilometre. Graylands campus 1909 · State Heritage Place No. 13630 Stage 1 works John XXIII College ≈1,500 students no perimeter fence ≈270 metres Also ~1km away: Mt Claremont Primary (≈300) · Moerlina · Quintilian · Shenton (≈2,800) ≈4,800 students within about one kilometre of the works ≈100m scale

This exact tension has played out at this exact site before. A 2013 Murdoch University history of the suburb, built on State Records Office files and contemporary newspaper reports, documents what happened the last time Graylands' forensic role expanded next to a school:

Nov 1980
Six forensic and thirty-two acute care patients are transferred into new Graylands wards as the site's mental health role is reorganised.
1986
John XXIII College occupies former hospital land on the site's boundary.
1989
The State Government decides to build a dedicated maximum-security forensic unit at Graylands. "Much public outcry and many protests" follow.
Apr 1991
John XXIII parents form a Parents' Action Group, raise a fighting fund, and run a media campaign. About 90 parents and students picket a nearby land auction; other objectors argue the unit should instead be built at Casuarina Prison — the same co-location model this campaign points to in Concern 2.
1993
Despite the protests, construction continues. The 30-bed Frankland Centre opens, with the public consultation on admission guidelines described in Concern 6.

Two things follow from that history. First: organised local objection didn't stop Frankland being built in 1991. Second: the interface between forensic services, this school, and this neighbourhood has been a recognised public issue at this site for over three decades, and government's own response at the time was to run a real, dated, advertised consultation process — not to treat the objection as unreasonable Mikus, "Graylands: The Evolution of a Suburb" (Murdoch University, 2013), pp.39–40. Read the fuller history, with maps and photographs, and why this change is different →


How the decision was made

The Graylands Reconfiguration and Forensic Taskforce (GRAFT) ran from January 2021 to July 2023, chaired by Hon. Jim McGinty AM (former Minister for Health and Attorney-General), drawing on the Departments of Health, Justice, Treasury and Finance, Premier and Cabinet, and Communities, the Mental Health Commission, and one independent member Community review, Annex B. No resident, school, or local government representation has been confirmed in that membership at any stage — and the Taskforce itself was dissolved in July 2023, with its functions since scattered across four separate agencies with no single body accountable for the whole picture. That gap may run deeper than agency handovers: where a patient's ongoing care is shared between WA Health, a mental health service provider, and — for anyone with NDIS-funded supports — a disability service provider, no published document says who holds responsibility for managing an escalating risk, including a patient who leaves an authorised setting. It's the same missing owner, one layer further down.

Four events occurred within three months of each other in March–June 2023, and no public record explains how they were sequenced or coordinated:

March 2023
Infrastructure WA finds the business case has "insufficient information on which to base an investment decision."
March 2023
The Criminal Law (Mental Impairment) Act 2023 passes the WA Parliament.
13 April 2023
The CLMI Act receives Royal Assent — a new legal framework for every future Graylands patient.
April 2023
Government commits $218.9M in the State Budget — about three weeks after the IWA finding. The Budget Papers themselves state the money was "provisioned" while "a business case for first stage works is under development for future Government consideration" WA Budget Papers 2023–24, BP2 Pt.5.
28 June 2023
A contract to actually develop that business case and finalise costings is awarded to Ernst & Young — two months after the money was already provisioned Tenders WA, DoH202311853.

No agency has been named as accountable for the project as a whole, or as a single point of contact for resident and school concerns once construction and operations begin Community review §2.2.


What's happened since GRAFT — and what a builder's mandate does and doesn't cover

GRAFT was not replaced by an equivalent body. Delivery is now led by the Office of Major Infrastructure Delivery (OMID), part of the Department of Transport and Major Infrastructure since a machinery-of-government reform on 1 July 2025 WA Government, 1 Jul 2025. A government tender for engineering advisory services on this project, published in May 2026, states that OMID's project team works "in consultation with" Health and NMHS to oversee construction — a delivery mandate, not a mandate to test whether the site, the surrounding community, or the schools on its boundary are right for what's being built Tender OMID2026071, May 2026.

The same document confirms the project kept moving through the government's own internal process after the Taskforce dissolved: an updated business case was approved, and in November 2025 Cabinet approved a Project Definition Plan (PDP) — a standard Treasury-framework step the tender describes as refining the project's "strategic justification and objectives" and delivering "value for money." That's a scope-and-cost exercise. Nothing published about it addresses site suitability, security, the CLMI Act's changed operating model, or the schools and homes on the boundary — and the community was not part of it.

The contractor was appointed shortly after: ADCO Constructions was awarded the Early Contractor Involvement contract on 23 March 2026, publicly announced on 9 April 2026, at $5,619,001 on the government's own contract-disclosure record Tenders WA, OMID2026017. The same tender confirms an Early Works Agreement now covers both the Claremont Therapeutic Riding Centre relocation and "critical infrastructure upgrades to the HV, communications, water and fire mains systems" on the Graylands site — the enabling works residents have begun to see at the John XXIII Avenue boundary. A separate contract, awarded 11 June 2026, engages Turner & Townsend to oversee costs through what it calls the project's "ECI and D&C Phases" — the first place this campaign has seen that later phase named — running to April 2031 Tenders WA, OMID2026074.

None of this is evidence of anything improper. It's evidence that the project has continued to be assessed, repeatedly, on delivery grounds — cost, schedule, scope, procurement — without ever being reassessed on the grounds this campaign is asking about. Every internal check this project has passed was a check for something other than whether it belongs at this site, under this law, next to these schools.

Full governance timeline

Dec 2014
Government announces Graylands will close, describing a significant parcel of the land as prime real estate the State intends to sell.
2015
WA's own ten-year Mental Health Plan describes the Graylands model as a "Victorian era asylum model" — language signalling replacement, not expansion.
2019
State Budget allocates $3M for Graylands "planning and decommissioning studies." Outcome never publicly released.
Jan 2021
GRAFT Taskforce established, chaired by Jim McGinty.
Oct–Nov 2021
Taskforce recommends the northern campus for forensic expansion. No community input.
Nov 2022
Government formally endorses expansion. Still no community consultation.
Mar–Apr 2023
The IWA finding, the CLMI Act, and the $218.9M commitment all land within weeks of each other — the Budget Papers themselves say the business case was still "under development" when the money was provisioned.
28 Jun 2023
Ernst & Young contracted to actually develop that business case and finalise costings, two months after the funding was provisioned.
Jul 2023
GRAFT dissolved; responsibility transfers to NMHS and the Office of Major Infrastructure Delivery.
1 Sep 2024
CLMI Act comes into full legal force. Community reintegration becomes a statutory purpose.
Nov 2025
Cabinet approves a Project Definition Plan (PDP), after an updated business case was separately approved — a government tender describes this as refining "strategic justification and objectives" and "value for money," not site suitability or community impact.
Feb–Mar 2026
ECI Request for Offer released and closed on Tenders WA; ADCO Constructions awarded the ECI contract on 23 March 2026, publicly announced 9 April.
9 Apr 2026
Government publicly announces ADCO's engagement under the Early Contractor Involvement contract — a design-phase mechanism, not a construction contract.
14 May 2026
Minister Carey confirms the design phase to the Legislative Assembly. Community still not consulted.
2026–2027
CTRC relocation to 9 John XXIII Avenue targeted for completion during 2027; not yet commenced as at August 2026.

Full annex with every date and source: see the Community Research Paper, Annex B.